Today, we’re sharing progress on formally verifying the correctness of SP1 in collaboration with Nethermind, experts in formal methods with a strong focus on enhancing the security of zero-knowledge proofs. Last week, we announced our work on using formal verification tools to prove the determinism of SP1. While determinism
We’re excited to introduce SP1 Hypercube, our next generation zkVM, that delivers real-time proving for Ethereum. SP1 Hypercube is built from the ground up with a brand new proof system architected with multilinear polynomials. It achieves state of the art results in latency and cost, up to 5x better
Today, we’re excited to share a progress update on our formal verification efforts for SP1, developed in collaboration with Veridise, a leading firm in zero-knowledge security auditing. Formal verification plays a critical role in establishing mathematical guarantees about SP1’s behavior. This work complements our multi-layered approach to SP1
Today, we’re announcing SP1-2FA, the newest feature on the Succinct Prover Network that adds a second layer of protection to SP1 through Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs). This advancement furthers our vision for building the best zkVM for developers, building on the recent performance improvements from SP1 Turbo and the
The Succinct Prover Network is a protocol on Ethereum that coordinates a decentralized network of provers to increase the world’s proving capacity. Read more here. We’re excited to announce Level 1: Crisis of Trust, Succinct’s first testnet program. Starting February 10th, 2025, participants in Level 1: Crisis
This post is a follow-up to our foundational article: “What Is a Zero-Knowledge Proof?” If the first piece explained what ZKPs are, this one covers how they actually work under the hood - not just mathematically, but in real production systems like rollups, zkVMs, identity protocols, and verifiable compute. We’
TL;DR There were two vulnerabilities found in SP1 V3, one found by Aligned, LambdaClass, and 3MI Labs and one found by Succinct. There was also one vulnerability found in Plonky3, a critical dependency of SP1, by Lev Soukhanov and Onur Kilic. We sincerely thank these researchers for reporting these
Zero-knowledge proofs are no longer just research-papers, they’re powering real applications in scaling, privacy, and verifiable computation. As the ecosystem evolves - with zkVMs, decentralized prover networks, and on-chain verification -the need for standard formats becomes mission-critical. Enter ZKTLS. This guide explains exactly what ZKTLS is, why it’s
Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are one of the most important breakthroughs in modern cryptography. They’re changing how blockchains scale, how users protect their privacy, and how applications verify compute. But the concept can feel abstract or complicated if you’re seeing it for the first time. ✅ TL;DR A zero-knowledge
By Cairo / Succinct Residency 2024 The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is the computational heart of Ethereum. It enables developers to build decentralized applications accessible to anyone. One of the upcoming EVM updates is transformational: the EVM Object Format (EOF) upgrade introduces a series of improvements to the stack, control flow,
Our updated performance benchmarks for SP1’s latest production-ready release (v1.1.1). Experience unparalleled performance with our new GPU prover. TL;DR: SP1’s new GPU prover achieves state of the art performance, with the cheapest cloud costs vs. alternative zkVMs by up to 10x, across a diverse set
